5-HTP is short for 5-Hydroxytryptophan, and it is the immediate amino acid precursor to serotonin, meaning that 5-HTP is converted in the body into serotonin, an important neurotransmitter (chemical messenger) involved in regulating numerous bodily functions, in particular brain and nerve function. Serotonin may also be converted in the body to melatonin, an important neurotransmitter that regulates the sleep-wake cycle.
5-HTP is derived from the amino acid tryptophan. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid found in food, principally in meat and dairy products, but only about 3% of oral tryptophan is converted into serotonin. 70% of oral 5-HTP, on the other hand, is converted into serotonin, but is not found in food. Instead, supplemental 5-HTP is naturally sourced from the seeds of the plant Griffonia simplicifolia.
If you are taking antidepressant medication please do not take 5-HTP unless under supervision by your doctor or qualified medical professional.